Oscillating engine



May 26, i925. 1,539,307

H. T. FARNSWORTH OSCILLATING ENGINE Filed July 26, 1922 5 sheets-shed 1 59/ FHS. l f ,45'

37 I s 4 %ff ACSI aa lv" I 1 *In 1 l C5 ge o i .46 l M i y x W j )Er d 45 .n MW G |11 I M E *a 'Deceased 'NVENTOR WITNESSES ATTOR N EY May 26, 1925. 1,539,301

H. T. FARNSWORTH i. f OSCI-LLATING ENGINE Filed July 2e', 1922 5v sheerSlsneet 2 Fig. E.

Mmmm- :Deceased l NVENTOR WITNESSES I f 7L# @J1/JM ATTORNEY May 26, 1925. 1,539,307

H. T. FARNswQRTH oscILLATING ENGINE Filed July 26, 1922 3 sheets-Sheet :s

MII'.

John T. Tarau H1 dminirraior of the Estate of HTFarns wovth INVENTBSR Deceased WITN ESSES CNW-...LQ Ev ATTORNEY iiatcntefl May 255, 1925.

' Nl TED S TA HENRY FAR-wwwa;DECEASED; Lam-oa Llena-LEB!PENNSYLVAMMBYJQHN T- FARNSWORTH; Willemsen/MOR, @mv

Eason, BnNnsnLvANra, nssienon on onn- HALF To JAMEs. s, Bnannocmpn noun-fr BLEASANT, RENNSYLVANIA.

(ASGI-@Arme ENGINE- Applicaton filed July 26, 1922. Serial No. 577,636.-`

of HENRY T. FAnNswonrrrnlate citizenl of the United States, and a resident of Ligonier, in the county or'. Testmorelandl and State of Pennsylvania', deceased (as, by reference tothe duly certiliedcopy of letters ot" administrationfiled in the Patent @Hice will more fully appear), do herebyy declare that the said HENRY T. FAnNswon'rH inventeda neuT and useful improvement iii-,Oscillating Engines, of which the following is a specification. i

This invention relates t-o oscillating engines, designed' to be operated` by either compressed air, steam 0r water, andlhas tor its object the provision of an improved slide valve controllingmeans whereby the operation of said valvemay be; altered so as to v reverse the operation` of the engine. Another object of the invention is the pro vision of an improved operating rod or stem for the valve which controls Vthe ligow of power fluid to the cylinder, said rod*v being constructed to Jfunction as an exhaust passage forthe spentiluid, from the cylinder.

A further object is toconstruct the engine with as few parts as` possible, and those parts made Vlight in weight andyet strong so that the engin@ may be `built cheaply.

The invention will be best understood 'from a consideration of tl'ie following detailed description taken in yconnection `with Vthe accompanyingdrawings forming part o this specification, with thev understanding, however, ,that the invention is not confined to any strict,conformity4 with. theshowingl in the drawings, but may be changed and modified so lenguas such change'sand modifications mark no material departure from the. salient features of the` invention as expressed inthe appended claims.

In the drawings 1.-

Fig.v l is a side elevation, of the oscillatinnr engine.

Fig.4 2 is a plan view of the same.

Fig'. 3 is. vertical sectiontaken along the line 3-.3 of Fig, 2. i

Fig. lis a transverse ye-rtical section taken along the line. of, Fig.

Fig. 5Y is a fragmentary view `in detail showing the piston rod and the leadfor operatinp;l theV valveA mechanism. i

Fig.` 6 is a sectionV taken along the line GHG-of Fig. i

Fig. 7 is'an end viewof the engine with parts i-n sect-ion showing the inlet passages for the power Huidl whiehis formed, in pivota-l mounting for thev oscillating cylinder.

Fig. 8v is asectionofthe common slide valvef and the wall of a cylinderwhen the oscillating engine is operated by steam. or water pressurel`y A Re-feigring to the drawings,` l'represents a base provided with standards "2y having bea-rings Sfin which is mounted a `shaft 4.' "A flywheel 5 is mounted `upon thejmfain shaft @fand-'operates in a slot `@formed inthe base l; Onone end of'the shaft 4 is provided acrank 7, to which is connected'fby means of a crank pin '8, a piston rodi 9.f

A piston l0' is secured in any approved manner toene end of the pistonrodjQ; and

is adfapted'to reciprocate in; an "oscillating" cylinder lil. The ont-er end. of the cylinder 'is closedr by a head;` l2, while the innerend is eljosediby ahead llhavin-g a stuffing box 14", through Awhich the io'd 9fis adapted to reciprocate,-` saidfstufiingbox being provided with the usual packing'land a `gland 16 screwed intothe outer end ofsaidbox. 4

The cvlinderlll is mounted so as tobe oscillated bythe oscillatingLand reciprocating piston rod 9, and is` providedwithK trunnions 17'` and 17ELL mounted iii bearings 18, which are located on the upper ends of spacedzstandards 19', the standards being mounted on that endl ot the base member l ,which is. opposite tlie .mounting of the standards 2. ,p

` A' fluid chest 20 is mounted on the upper side of the cylinder ll by means of the bolts 21 and is adapted to oscillate with the cylinder 11,'. A cap 22 closes the top of the chest i 2O tandis held' down upon'the4 chest the same bolts 21 which fasten thechest tothe cylinder 1l. f

Ports 23, and 249m the wallof the cylinder llcon-nect .the chest 20 with the.` cylinder 11.

' The inner end of the port 23 opens into the outer end of the cylinder ll, while the inner end of-p'ort 22 opens near the inner, end on? saidA cylinder.` `The other ends. of the ports are located adjacent each other, and are controlled by a slide valve provided with a curved port 2G, one end `'of which is adapted to aline with the outer ends of the ports 23 and 24, Where they open into the chest 20, while the other end of the exhaust port 26 alines with a passage 27 formed in a hollow reciprocating rod 28, whichis connected with the slide valve 25, and is adapted to operate the said valve when the engine is oscillated.

The hollow rod 28 passes through a stuffing box 29 provided with the usual packing 30 and a gland 31 to prevent the escape of 5 steam or compressed air from the chest 20.

Compressed air is admitted through a passage 32 formed in the hollow trunnion 17a which is rotatably mounted in one of the standards 19, and forms part of the pivotal mounting for the cylinder of the engine. A coupling 33 is mounted inthe bearing 18,

into which coupling is screwed one end of a pipe 34, adaptedto supply compressed air to the chest 20 by means of the passage 32.

Integrally 'formed `'with the closure 22 for the chest 20 are a pair of spaced bracket arms 35, ,connected by a curved reinforcing member 36, and provided at their outer free ends with bearings 37, in which are mounted pins 38, upon which is pivotally mounted the U.shaped portion 39 of a curved oscillating lever 4 0.V The loweraend of the oseillating lever 40 is pivotally connected to one end of a curved link 41, the other end of said link being bifurcated and pivotally connected to a pin 42, which is mounted upon a projection 43, formed on the pivotal connection betweenrthe pistonV rod 9 and the crank-pin 8,'so that as the shaft 4 is rotated, the pin 42 will describe a circular path.

, An oscillating arm-*44 has its upper end journaled on a pin 4,5, whichis secured in the U-shaped portion 39 of the oscillating.

lever 40, the latter being curved outwardly and downwardly so that it will be tree to oscillate without interfering with other parts of the valve operating mechanism, as shown in Figs. 2 and. 4.- The inner end of the hollow rod or valve stem 28 is bifurcated, and is adapted toY span an intermediate'portion of the oscillating arm 44 (Fig. 4), and

is pivotally connected to the same by means of apin 46. The lower end of the oscillating arm 44 is provided with spaced depending arms 47, on the outer free ends of which are mounted pins 48, having rollers 49 mounted thereon, which rollers are adapted to ride in curved tracks 50. y

These curved tracks 50 are formed integrally with the inner faces of a pair of spaced oscillating levers-51, which arepivotally-mounted at 52 in spaced brackets 53. The lower free `ends of the arms 51 are provided with la bearing 54, in which is journaled a head 55 of aT-shaped slidable rack 56. The

rack is slidable in guides 57 mounted in any appropriate manner in the base 1 of the engine.

' The rack 56 is in mesh with a spur gear 58 which is mounted upon and operated by a shaft 59, that is in turn cont-rolled by a hand wheel 60 projecting or spaced to one side of the base 1.

Where the engine is operated either by steam or water pressure, the form oit slide valve 25 shown in Fig. 3, will be replaced by the common steam slide valve 61, with ports62 and 63 in the cylinder wall Jfor the admission and exhaust of either the steam or the water from the cylinder. A common exhaust f port 64 in*v the cylinder wall is located between theoutlet ends of the ports 62 and 63, so that theexhaust port 64 and either one ot'qthe ports 62 or 63 maybe alternately connected-with the port G5in said slide valve, whereby the steam or water may be exhaustedfrom the cylinder. Vhen steam or water is used, the trunnion 17 for the cylinder 11 is enlarged in a mannery similar to the hollow trunnion 17, and pro vided with a steam passage connected with the exhaust port 64 whereby vthe steam is carried awayirom the cylinder. i

The operation of my engine lows v v lVhile I have stated that the engine is capable of being operated'v either by steam, water or compressed air, I prefer to use it as a compressed air oscillating engine. The compressed air from the supply pipe 34 enters the passage 32 in the rhollow trunnion 17EL and is admitted to the valve chamber 20.

4is as fol- Thelevers 5l are set in such a position by the manipulation ofthe hand wheel 60 that the Avalve 25 `will openl the ports 23 and 24 tothe vchest 20, and to theexhaust passage 27 in the proper sequence to drive the crank shaft iuv the direction desired. For example, `with the parts inthepositions vshown in the Figures land 3,1the ily wheel'is passing toward the center movin-g in the direction ot the arrow. The rack 56 has been yadjusted in the direction shown by the arrow, so that the tracks y50 and ylever 51 are inclined downwardly to the right. As the pin 42 is carried upwardlythe cylindcroseillates tothe yright or in a clockwise direction, and carries Vthe pin 45 upwardly, while the rollers 49 follow the tracks 50 upwardly and to the lett, swinging about the p1n45 as a center lil() and moving the valve 25 to the left to ad- 1 mit compressed air from vthe chest 20 through the port 23 into the right hand end of the cylinder. At the same time the left hand end of theA cylinder is exhausted through the port 24 and passageways 2G and 27. Vhen the crank pin 8 reaches the lower part of its revolution, the rollers 49 ride on the lower halt1 of the tracks ,50, and the valve 25 is carried to the right of the posiland connecting i the g 'cylinder fivith the exhanstpassagew' tion shown finylfigure 3, "-ep'ening the left hand oit the cylinder" `to thepressii're ehest'iZU,

"tain intermediate posit-ion, f nianipii'l'aition of ever the pin 42 visin:theupp'erflfalt (if-its path, the valve Willibetli'wnitothe right and lnessure =will be 4ad'mitted vto'the iei't hand endo the cylinder', wliileth'e right handend is incommunication 'with theexl'iaustipa'ssage. llvhfen'the pin @Eris in the lower hall" oi itspatli, the valve 25 will be in the .lei't hand end lof the cliestQO and pre'snre will lie-admittedtotlieright hand end oit' the` cylinder', while the leitland4 en d ot the cylinder is e'iihauste'd.

Thus, the 'operation of the1 enz'g'ine is reversed.

lt will be seen, thereforefthat by? m anipulation ot' thehand-wheel60,the`valve actuating means maybe'so adjusted as'torotate 4the crank shaft-in 'either idi'rection as desired, for it-mayfbe so adjusted th'atfthe valve will reniainsta-tionarywith the engine ino berative,

'-llllhatis claimed iszy `l. In an' oscillatingeng-ine, an @oscillating cylinder, a piston reciprocable tlereim a valve chest` ports connecting the valve chest with opposite ends of the cylinder, a valve controlling said ports, a rod connected with the valve, means operated by the engine for oscillating the rod, said means comprising a lever interinediately t'ulcrumed, a link connecting one end of the lever with the main sha'tt of the engine, an oscillatory arm havingone end pivot-ally connected to the opposite end of said lever, said oscillatory arm having a connection intermediate its ends to the valve rod, arcuate tracks between which the opposite end of the oscillatory arm is guided, and means for shifting the position o'l.1 said tracks to reverse the engine.

2. ln an engine operated by fluid pressure, an oscillating cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a valve chest, ports connectingthe valve chest with the opposite ends o'll the cylinder, a valve controlling the ports between the chest and thecylinder, a hollow rod connecting the valve with the operating parts of the engine, said valve having a passageway connected with the hollow rod and adapted to act as an exhaust passage for the spent Huid, a lever intermediately liulcrun'ied on a projecting part of the cylinder, a link connecting one end of the lever fivith the main shaft of the e:irgine,'an oscilthe otheri end ot said' lever 'and connected in- 'tern'iediate its `ends to l the i'valve rod, arcuate tiaclis between which theopposite'end of the' 'oscillatorylai-misguided, and means for slfiitting' the positionv of said tracks to reverse the engine. Y

3. In an=`en'gi1'1e of the cl'raracter described, anoscillating cylinderyfa piston tlierein,`a :crankshafthavingf a crank operatively conne'ctedto one end oli tlie'piston, said piston ha'viv g" projectlion adjacent -tl'i'ewristpiin lali'n'ki votally 'connectcd'at one end to said proj ectre'n, a lever having one end pivotally connected to the othcre'nd oi saidflink,` said lever heing lintermediately fulcr'umed on a J\projecting part olif the cylinder', anoscillaltory iarm piif'etally connected vat one end to the opposite end o'feaid lever, Tan"a" ljust 'able gnideway in which? the other 'end of `said 4"oscillatory ar`1nisfgui l`ed,"a valve rod havjing one'fend-pivoted to the intermediate portion'o'f said oscillatory arm,r `a valve chest 'having ports connected with Jthe opposite `ends ol the cylinderya valve mounted in said i chest Iand Vconnected with said 'valve' rod, and

operable therebyto control said ports.

f4; In lan' oscillating engine, an oscillating cylinder, piston ith'erein, Fa valve ichest, ports connecting xthe valvel chest with the oppositeiendsi'ot-the cylinderyavalve controly ling saidp-orts, a. rod connected tothe-valve, fandmeansoperatediby'the engine for oscillating the rod` said operating 4fmeans `comprising a lever pivoted' intermediate its ends, faswinfging arm :pivot-ally mounted at one end to one end of the lever and connected intermediate its ends to the operating rod for the valve, a link connecting the other end of the lever with the cra-nk shaft of the engine, and means connected with the other end of the swinging arm for varying the movement of the valve.

5. In an oscillating engine, an oscillating cylinder, a piston therein, a. valvev chest, ports Connecting the. valve chest with the opposite ends of the cylinder, a valve controlling said ports, a rod connected with the valve, and means operated by the engine for oscillating said rod, said operating means comp-rising an oscillating lever, a swinging arm pivotally connected to the lever and. also connected to the operating rod for the valve, a link connecting the oscillating lever with the main shaft ot the engine, means connected with the swinging arm 'for varying the movement of the valve, comprising rollers mounted on the swinging arm, pivotally mounted tracks for the rollers, and means for varying the position of the tracks for varying the movement of lthe valve.

6. In an oscillating engine, an oscillating cylinder, a piston therein, a main shaft operate-d by the piston, a valve chest, ports lOl) connecting said valve chest with the opposite ends of the cylinder, a slide valve in said chest for controlling said ports, a rod connected with the valve or moving the same, a lever having one of its ends of U-shaped formation, a pin mounted in the U-shaped portion of the lever, a link connectingthe other end of the lever with the main shaft of the engine and adapted to oscillate said lever, a swinging arm pivotally mounted on said pin and having pivotal connections at an intermediate point with the valve rod, a pair of rollers-mounted on the other end of the swinging arm, pivotally mounted curved tracks for the rollers, each of said tracks being provided with depending arms, and manual means for moving the depending arms for changing the relative positions ofV the curved tracks and thereby varying the position of the valve.

7. In an oscillating engine, a' cylinder mounted for oscillation, a piston cooperating` therewitln a crank shaft operated by the piston, a valve chest located yin proximity to the cylinder, ports connecting said valve chest with opposite ends-of the cylinder, a sli-de valve in said chest for controlling said ports, a rod connected with the valve for operating the same, a lever fulcrume'd o-n a projecting part oit the cylinder, a link pivotally connected at one end to said lever and at the other end to the piston near the connection of the latter with the crank shaft, a swinging arm pivotally connected to said lever and having a pivotal connection with the valve rod, a pair of rollers mounted on the swinging arm, pivotally mounted arms having trac-ks between which said rollers are guided, and.` means `for adjusting the position ofsaid pivoted arms so as to change thc relative position of the valve vfor drivin the crank shaft in either direction.

S. In an oscillating engine, a cylinder mounted for oscillation, a piston operable therein, al crank shattoperated hy the piston, a valve'c-hest having ports leading to opposite ends: of the cylinder, a slide valve in said chest for controlling said ports, a rod connected with the valve 'for actuating the same, a lever intermediately fulcrunied on a projecting part of the cylinder, a link pivotally connected at `one end to the lo-wer end of said lever and connected at the other end to the Vpiston near the connection of the latter wit-h the crank shaft, a swinging arm pivotally connected a-t its upper lend to the upper end of the lever and having an intermediate pivotal connection with the valve rod, a pair of rollers carried hy the lower end ot the swinging arm,v pivotally mounted curved tracks for guiding said rollers, depending arms connected with the tracks, a rack connected to the depending arms, a gear meshing with said rack and rotatable to change the relative positionk of the curved tracks, and'to shift the valve so as to reverse the operation of the engine.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as the invention of HENRY T. FARNswonrH, I. have hereto affixed my signa-ture.

JOHN "r. FARNSWORTH, Administrator .of the estate 0f Henry T.

Farnsworth, deceased. 

